Élection de la défense pour les jeunes accusés

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Principes généraux

Les personnes accusées d’une infraction en tant que jeunes (moins de 18 ans) peuvent avoir le droit de choisir le mode de procès dans l’une des situations suivantes :

1. la Couronne a donné avis de son intention de demander une peine pour adulte pour une infraction dont la peine maximale est supérieure à 2 ans et l’accusé était âgé de 14 ans ou plus ;
2. l’accusation est un meurtre (au premier ou au deuxième degré) et l’accusé était âgé de 12 ou 13 ans au moment de l’infraction ; ou
3. il n’est pas clair si l’accusé était un jeune au moment de l’infraction, mais il aurait eu le choix s’il avait été un adulte.

Election — adult sentence

67 (1) The youth justice court shall, before a young person enters a plea, put the young person to his or her election in the words set out in subsection (2) if

(a) [Repealed, 2012, c. 1, s. 178]

(b) the Attorney General has given notice under subsection 64(2) of the intention to seek an adult sentence for an offence committed after the young person has attained the age of fourteen years;

(c) the young person is charged with first or second degree murder within the meaning of section 231 of the Criminal Code; or

(d) the person to whom section 16 (status of accused uncertain) applies is charged with having, after attaining the age of fourteen years, committed an offence for which an adult would be entitled to an election under section 536 of the Criminal Code, or over which a superior court of criminal jurisdiction would have exclusive jurisdiction under section 469 of that Act [Infractions pertinentes d'une compétence exclusive].

[omis (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (7.1), (7.2), (8) and (9)]
2002, c. 1, s. 67, c. 13, s. 91; 2012, c. 1, s. 178; 2019, c. 13, s. 166.
[annotation(s) ajoutée(s)]

– LSJPA (CanLII), (Jus.)

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Si l’accusé choisit d’être jugé par un juge de la cour supérieure ou par un juge et un jury, les paragraphes 13(2) et (3) considèrent que la cour supérieure de juridiction criminelle est un tribunal pour adolescents.

13
[omis (1)]

Deemed youth justice court

(2) When a young person elects to be tried by a judge without a jury, the judge shall be a judge as defined in section 552 of the Criminal Code [definitions - judges], or if it is an offence set out in section 469 of that Act [Infractions pertinentes d'une compétence exclusive], the judge shall be a judge of the superior court of criminal jurisdiction in the province in which the election is made. In either case, the judge is deemed to be a youth justice court judge and the court is deemed to be a youth justice court for the purpose of the proceeding.

Deemed youth justice court

(3) When a young person elects or is deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, the superior court of criminal jurisdiction in the province in which the election is made or deemed to have been made is deemed to be a youth justice court for the purpose of the proceeding, and the superior court judge is deemed to be a youth justice court judge.

Court of record

(4) A youth justice court is a court of record.

– LSJPA (CanLII), (Jus.)

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Election Address

67
[omis (1)]

Wording of election

(2) The youth justice court shall put the young person to his or her election in the following words:

You have the option to elect to be tried by a youth justice court judge without a jury and without having had a preliminary inquiry; or you may elect to be tried by a judge without a jury; or you may elect to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you do not elect now, you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or if you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, you will have a preliminary inquiry only if you or the prosecutor requests one. How do you elect to be tried?

[omis (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (7.1), (7.2), (8) and (9)]
2002, c. 1, s. 67, c. 13, s. 91; 2012, c. 1, s. 178; 2019, c. 13, s. 166.

– LSJPA (CanLII), (Jus.)

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Dérogation de la Couronne

Dans le cas d'un accusé en vertu de la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents, le procureur général peut également annuler le choix du jeune en vertu du par. 67(6) de la LSJPA :

67
[omis (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)]

Attorney General may require trial by jury

(6) The Attorney General may, even if a young person elects under subsection (1) or (3) to be tried by a youth justice court judge without a jury or a judge without a jury, require the young person to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury.
[omis (7), (7.1), (7.2), (8) and (9)]
2002, c. 1, s. 67, c. 13, s. 91; 2012, c. 1, s. 178; 2019, c. 13, s. 166.

– LSJPA (CanLII), (Jus.)

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La anulación de la elección del acusado debe ser realizada por el Fiscal General o el Fiscal General Adjunto.

El uso de la anulación de una manera que sea incompatible con los propósitos y objetivos de la YCJA puede ser un abuso de proceso.

La invocación de la Corona del art. El artículo 67(6) de la YCJA no forma parte de la discreción procesal básica y, por lo tanto, no está sujeto a deferencia en apelación.