Cercles de détermination de la peine

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• < Détermination de la peine
• < Procédure de détermination de la peine

Principes généraux

Un cercle de détermination de la peine est une étape supplémentaire du processus d'audience de détermination de la peine accessible aux délinquants autochtones. Avant l'audience de détermination de la peine, une cérémonie a lieu au cours de laquelle le délinquant rencontre les victimes des infractions, des représentants de la communauté, notamment des aînés, et des membres du système judiciaire, notamment la Couronne et les avocats de la défense, parfois le juge. Le contrevenant devra écouter les opinions de chaque membre sur le contrevenant et l'infraction. Les membres du cercle parviendront ensuite collectivement à une conclusion quant à une peine juste et appropriée qui sera finalement examinée par le juge siégeant au tribunal lors d'une audience de détermination de la peine.

Les cercles de détermination de la peine ne sont pas mentionnés dans le Code criminel. Le pouvoir d'ordonner une détermination de la peine découle du pouvoir du juge d'organiser l'audience de détermination de la peine.

Le pouvoir de détermination de la peine appartient cependant à tout moment au juge et il peut choisir de ne pas suivre la recommandation du cercle.

Criteria for Permitting a Circle

A judge has discretion in ordering a sentencing circle. The expected criteria for ordering a circle requires:

1. The accused must agree to be referred to the sentencing circle.
2. The accused must have deep roots in the community in which the circle is held and from which the participants are drawn.
3. That there are elders or respected non-political community leaders willing to participate.
4. The victim is willing to participate and has been subjected to no coercion or pressure in so agreeing.
5. The court should try to determine beforehand, as best it can, if the victim is subject to battered spouse syndrome. If she is, then she should have counselling made available to her and be accompanied by a support team in the circle.
6. Disputed facts have been resolved in advance.
7. The case is one in which a court would be willing to take a calculated risk and depart from the usual range of sentencing.

On the second criteria, the judge will consider the evidence before him and must be satisfied that there is a community with the following characteristics:

1. the community is reasonably well defined by reason of the racial origin of its members, their religion or their culture or by geography or some other feature which distinguishes the community from other communities;
2. the community recognizes the accused not only as a member but as one who has the kind of relationship with the community that ought to make him or her feel accountable to it for any criminal wrongdoing;
3. the community supports the accused in his or her difficulty with the law and is prepared to accept the accused as a person who has the capacity, inclination, need and the sincerity to be restored (healed) in his or her relationship with the community and in his or her relationship with the victims of the wrongdoing;
4. the community has sufficient healing or restorative resources to help the accused (and where necessary the other persons affected by the wrongdoing) in the restoration or healing.

Case Digests

• R c McDonald, 2012 SKQB 158 (CanLII), 396 Sask R 135, par Gabrielson J -- request denied due to a lack of appropriately defined "community"

See Also

• Aboriginal Sentencing Principles and Factors