« Ajournements » : différence entre les versions
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{{supra1|White}}</ref> | {{supra1|White}}</ref> | ||
La question qui se pose au juge de révision est de savoir si l'on a accordé suffisamment de poids à « toutes les considérations pertinentes ».<ref> | La question qui se pose au juge de révision est de savoir si l'on a accordé suffisamment de poids à « toutes les considérations pertinentes ».<ref> | ||
{{CanLIIRx|Gerlitz|gdt09|2014 ABQB 243 (CanLII)}}{{perABQB|Gates J}}{{atL|gdt09|21}} ( | {{CanLIIRx|Gerlitz|gdt09|2014 ABQB 243 (CanLII)}}{{perABQB|Gates J}}{{atL|gdt09|21}} ( {{Tr}}« The test for appellate review is whether the trial judge has given sufficient weight to all relevant considerations")<br> | ||
{{supra1|JCG}}{{atL|230fz|9}}<br> | {{supra1|JCG}}{{atL|230fz|9}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|15}}<br> | {{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|15}}<br> | ||
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Le juge de première instance n’a pas commis d’erreur en ne donnant pas de motifs complets tant que le dossier contient des éléments de preuve qui permettent de tirer les conclusions nécessaires pour justifier la décision.<ref> | Le juge de première instance n’a pas commis d’erreur en ne donnant pas de motifs complets tant que le dossier contient des éléments de preuve qui permettent de tirer les conclusions nécessaires pour justifier la décision.<ref> | ||
{{supra1|EWB}} ( | {{supra1|EWB}} ( {{Tr}}« On an appeal from a refusal it would appear that a court of appeal will not find the learned trial judge erred notwithstanding his reasons may not be fully articulated if the record discloses evidence from which it can be inferred that the absence of counsel was brought about by the accused for the purpose of delaying the proceedings.") | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
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{{supra1|Gerlitz}}{{atL|gdt09|24}}<br> | {{supra1|Gerlitz}}{{atL|gdt09|24}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|17}}<br> | {{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|17}}<br> | ||
{{CanLIIRP|EWB|1z9np|1993 CanLII 5636 (NS CA)|352 APR 130}}{{perNSCA|Hallett JA}} (3:0) ( | {{CanLIIRP|EWB|1z9np|1993 CanLII 5636 (NS CA)|352 APR 130}}{{perNSCA|Hallett JA}} (3:0) ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should be refused an adjournment if he has not acted diligently and honestly in attempting to obtain counsel and it can be inferred from the circumstances that he failed to avail himself of the opportunity to do so for the purpose of delaying the proceedings")<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
En règle générale, une demande ne devrait pas être refusée lorsque le fait de ne pas avoir eu recours à un avocat au procès n'était pas de sa faute, mais plutôt de la faute de l'avocat de la défense.<ref> | En règle générale, une demande ne devrait pas être refusée lorsque le fait de ne pas avoir eu recours à un avocat au procès n'était pas de sa faute, mais plutôt de la faute de l'avocat de la défense.<ref> | ||
{{ibid1|EWB}} ( | {{ibid1|EWB}} ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should not be refused an adjournment if the fact that he is without counsel on the scheduled trial dates is not his fault but that of his counsel and he had no complicity in the matter.")<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
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* the right to counsel is not absolute;<ref> | * the right to counsel is not absolute;<ref> | ||
voir également {{CanLIIRP|McCallen|1f97c|1999 CanLII 3685 (ON CA)|131 CCC (3d) 518}}{{perONCA|O'Connor JA}}{{atL|1f97c|40}}<br> | voir également {{CanLIIRP|McCallen|1f97c|1999 CanLII 3685 (ON CA)|131 CCC (3d) 518}}{{perONCA|O'Connor JA}}{{atL|1f97c|40}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|Beals}} ( | {{supra1|Beals}} ( {{Tr}}« The right to counsel at trial is not absolute")<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
* each application for an adjournment must be decided on its own facts; | * each application for an adjournment must be decided on its own facts; | ||
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{{supra1|Gerlitz}}{{atL|gdt09|24}}<br> | {{supra1|Gerlitz}}{{atL|gdt09|24}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|17}}<br> | {{supra1|White}}{{atL|287w8|17}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|Beals}} (3:0) ( | {{supra1|Beals}} (3:0) ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should be refused an adjournment if he has not acted diligently and honestly in attempting to obtain counsel and it can be inferred from the circumstances that he failed to avail himself of the opportunity to do so for the purpose of delaying the proceedings")<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
Generally, a request should not be refused where the failure to have counsel for trial was not his fault, but rather the fault of defence counsel.<ref> | Generally, a request should not be refused where the failure to have counsel for trial was not his fault, but rather the fault of defence counsel.<ref> | ||
{{ibid1|EWB}} ( | {{ibid1|EWB}} ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should not be refused an adjournment if the fact that he is without counsel on the scheduled trial dates is not his fault but that of his counsel and he had no complicity in the matter.")<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
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From these principles, the factors courts should consider include the following:<ref> | From these principles, the factors courts should consider include the following:<ref> | ||
{{CanLIIRP|Hayter|htp2c|2018 SKCA 65 (CanLII)|365 CCC (3d) 413}}{{perSKCA|Caldwell JA}}<br> | {{CanLIIRP|Hayter|htp2c|2018 SKCA 65 (CanLII)|365 CCC (3d) 413}}{{perSKCA|Caldwell JA}}<br> | ||
{{CanLIIRP|Rak|1l76t|1999 CanLII 12229 (SK CA)|172 Sask R 301 (CA)}}{{perSKCA|Lane JA}}{{atL|1l76t|7}} ( | {{CanLIIRP|Rak|1l76t|1999 CanLII 12229 (SK CA)|172 Sask R 301 (CA)}}{{perSKCA|Lane JA}}{{atL|1l76t|7}} ( {{Tr}}« The appellants had ample opportunity to obtain counsel and their refusal to cooperate with counsel led to a refusal of Legal Aid. The failure to have counsel did not result in an unfair trial. Gregory Rak handled the defence rather adroitly on his own and his father’s behalf and was effective in his cross-examination. He demonstrated a clear ability to understand the documentary evidence. As well the trial judge was extremely helpful to the appellants throughout the course of the trial.") | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
* whether the accused has failed to exercise the right to counsel honestly and diligently; | * whether the accused has failed to exercise the right to counsel honestly and diligently; | ||
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</ref> | </ref> | ||
Generally, an adjournment should not be denied where the circumstances were not his fault .<ref> | Generally, an adjournment should not be denied where the circumstances were not his fault .<ref> | ||
{{supra1|Beals}} ( | {{supra1|Beals}} ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should be refused an adjournment if he has not acted diligently and honestly in attempting to obtain counsel and it can be inferred from the circumstances that he failed to avail himself of the opportunity to do so for the purpose of delaying the proceedings")<br> | ||
{{CanLIIRP|Manhas|1z46h|1980 CanLII 172 (CSC)|17 CR (3d) 331}}{{perSCC-H|Martland J}}<br> | {{CanLIIRP|Manhas|1z46h|1980 CanLII 172 (CSC)|17 CR (3d) 331}}{{perSCC-H|Martland J}}<br> | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
Similarly, where it is exclusively the fault of counsel, the adjournment should be granted.<Ref> | Similarly, where it is exclusively the fault of counsel, the adjournment should be granted.<Ref> | ||
{{supra1|Beals}} ( | {{supra1|Beals}} ( {{Tr}}« As a general rule an accused should not be refused an adjournment if the fact that he is without counsel on the scheduled trial dates is not his fault but that of his counsel and he had no complicity in the matter") | ||
{{supra1|Barrette}} | {{supra1|Barrette}} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
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{{ibid1|Le(TD)}}{{atL|frj5d|37}}<br> | {{ibid1|Le(TD)}}{{atL|frj5d|37}}<br> | ||
{{ibid1|White}}{{atL|287w8|15}}<br> | {{ibid1|White}}{{atL|287w8|15}}<br> | ||
{{supra1|Rak}}{{atL|1l76t|2}} ( | {{supra1|Rak}}{{atL|1l76t|2}} ( {{Tr}}« The standard of review of the exercise of a trial judge’s discretion in refusing an adjournment may be reviewed by an appellate court “if it is based upon reasons that are not well-founded in law and results in a deprivation of the accused’s right to make full answer in defence” ... the right to make full answer in defence “must be weighed conscientiously and delicately along with the public interest in the orderly administration of justice”.") | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
An appeal should not be granted for refusing an adjournment unless it can be shown that the right to full answer and defence was impacted such that there was an error in principle and amounted to a miscarriage of justice.<ref> | An appeal should not be granted for refusing an adjournment unless it can be shown that the right to full answer and defence was impacted such that there was an error in principle and amounted to a miscarriage of justice.<ref> | ||
{{supra1|Beals}} ( | {{supra1|Beals}} ( {{Tr}}« The scope of review by an appeal court of a refusal, notwithstanding it involves the review of the exercise of a discretionary power, is wide as the consequences of a refusal are to deprive an accused of his right to be represented by counsel. On appeal the appellant must show that in refusing the adjournment the trial judge deprived the appellant of his right to make full answer and defence and thus made an error in principle which constituted a miscarriage of justice (Barrette v R. and Manhas v R., supra).") | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} |