« Port d’arme dans un dessein dangereux (infraction) » : différence entre les versions

{{en|Possession_of_a_Weapon_for_a_Dangerous_Purpose_(Offence)}}

{{Currency2|January|2020}}

|OffenceTitle=Possession of a Weapon for a Dangerous Purpose

|OffencePage=Possession of a Weapon for a Dangerous Purpose

|Act={{OBCCC}}  

|IndictableMax= {{OBTime|10 years}} }}

{{seealso|Weapon Offences}}

{{OverviewIII|possession of a weapon for a dangerous purpose}}

{{PleadingsHybridList-N|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes-IfCrown}} | {{No-Under14}} }}

{{PleadingsHybridElection-Under14|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}}  || {{ReleaseProfile-Hybrid}}  

{{ReleaseOptions-Hybrid|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

{{IDCriminalAct|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

; Désignations d'infraction{{DesignationHeader}}

|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}}  || {{XMark}} <!--wire--> || {{XMark}} <!--DO-->||{{OKMark}} <!--SPIO--> || {{XMark}} <!--consent--> || {{OKMark-Indict}}

{{SPIODesignation|A|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

===Draft Form of Charges===

{{seealso|Draft Form of Charges}}

|"{{ellipsis1}}did [carry/have in his possession] a [weapon/imitation of a weapon/prohibited device/ammunition/prohibited ammunition], for a purpose [dangerous to the public peace/of committing an offence] contrary to section 88(1){{CCC}}.

==Proof of the Offence==

{{Proving|Possession of weapon for dangerous purpose|88}}

# {{box}} the culprit "carries or possesses" an object;

# {{box}} that the object was a [[Definition of Weapons|weapon as defined in the Criminal Code]], "an imitation of a weapon, a prohibited device or any ammunition or prohibited ammunition" and

# {{box}} that the purpose for which the respondent had possession was one which was dangerous to the public peace<ref>

{{CanLIIRP|Cassidy|1ft39|1989 CanLII 25 (SCC)|50 CCC (3d) 193 at 197 (SCC)}}{{perSCC|Lamer J}}</ref> and

The ''actus reus'' of the offence is established through [[Possession|possession]].

To make out the offence there must be:

{{CanLIIRP|Cassidy|1ft39|1989 CanLII 25 (SCC)| [1989] 2 SCR 345}}{{perSCC|Lamer J}}{{atp|351}}<br> (there must be "possession and proof that the purpose of that possession was one dangerous to the public.")

# possession; and

# for a purpose "dangerous to the public".

The two elements must occur at the same time to be an offence.

Much of s. 88 consideration is upon the purpose for which the accused possessed the weapon.

Possessing a weapon in a reckless manner is not sufficient for proof of s.88. <ref>

===Purpose===

Proof of the purpose for possessing the weapon may be established by the manner in which the weapon is used, circumstances and statements surrounding its use and the rational inferences to be drawn from the facts<ref>  

{{CanLIIRP|Flack|g9hc8|1968 CanLII 812 (BCCA)|[1969] 1 CCC 55 (BCCA)}}{{perBCCA|Davey CJ}}{{atp|56}}<br>

A person's initial intent in possessing a weapon "does not necessarily remain constant and may change to a dangerous intent even though the initial purpose in taking possession was not a dangerous one."<ref>

It has been suggested that the lawful possession of a weapon does not suddenly become unlawful by virtue of the possessor acting out in sudden anger with the weapon.<ref>

It is not sufficient to simply establish that "what was done was in fact dangerous to the public peace". There must be an intent for that purpose.

A person intending to commit suicide will commit this offence if there is an awareness of risk to someone who may try to stop him.<ref>

===Self-Defence===

Self-defence can be a limited defence to this charge.<ref>

{{CanLIIRP|Sulland|23p3t|1982 CanLII 495 (BC CA)|2 CCC (3d) 68}}{{perBCCA|Seaton JA}}</ref>  

However, self-defence will only apply where the attack is imminent and inescapable.<ref>

{{CanLIIRP|Kerr|1hbl9|2004 SCC 44 (CanLII)|[2004] 2 SCR 371}}{{Plurality}}{{atL|1hbl9|25}} (the test) and para 38<br>  

Where the evidence is substantially the same for proving the elements of possession for a dangerous purpose and assault with a weapon, convictions on both are precluded.<ref>

===Analysis of Firearm===

* [[Proving the Existence of Firearms and Related Issues|Analysis of Firearms]] - certificate of analysis s. 117.13

===Misc Definitions===

* [[Definition of Weapons|"Weapons"]] is defined in s. 2.

* [[Definition of Prohibited Device and Ammunition|"Prohibited device", "ammunition" and "prohibited ammunition"]] are defined in s. 84.

==Participation of Third Parties==

{{seealso|Role of the Victim and Third Parties|Testimonial Aids for Young, Disabled or Vulnerable Witnesses}}

; Testimonial Aids

{{VictimHeader}} <!-- Sections / Notice of Agree / Notice of Restitution / Notice of VIS -->  

|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} || || ||  

{{606NoticeSPIO|s. 88}}

==Sentencing Principles and Ranges==

; Maximum Penalties

{{SProfileMax|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} | {{Summary}} | {{summaryconviction}} }}  

{{SProfileMax|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} | {{Indictment}} | {{Max10Years}} }}  

{{MaxPenaltyHybrid|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} |'''{{Max10Years}}'''|'''{{summaryconviction}}'''}}

; Minimum Penalties

; Available Dispositions

|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} || any || {{SProfileNoCSO}}

{{NoCSOAvailable|E|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

; Consecutive Sentences

===Principles===

===Ranges===

{{seealso|Ancillary Orders}}

; Offence-specific Orders

{{AOrder1| [[DNA Orders]] | s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} |

* {{SecondDNA(AorB)Hybrid|s. 88}} }}

{{AOrder1| [[Ordonnances d’interdiction des armes]] |s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} |

* {{Section109|A|s. 88}}  

* {{Section109|D|s. 88}}  

* {{section110|s. 88}} }}

; Ordonnances générales de confiscation{{GeneralForfeitureOrders}}

; Ordonnances générales de détermination de peine{{GeneralSentencingOrders}}

==Record Suspensions and Pardons==  

{{RecordSuspension|s. 88 {{DescrSec|88}} }}

; References

* [[Pre-Trial and Trial Motions Checklist]]