Voir la source de Relations sexuelles anales (Infraction inconstitutionnelle)

[[en:Anal Intercourse (Unconstitutional Offence)]]
{{Currency2|January|2020}}
{{HeaderOffences}}
{{HeaderRepealed}}
{{OffenceBox 
|OffenceTitle=Anal Intercourse 
|OffencePage=Anal Intercourse 
|Section=159 
|Acte={{OBCCC}}   
|CrownElection= {{OBHybridElection}} 
|Jurisdiction={{OBJurisdictionAll}} 
|Bail= {{OBBailAll}} 
|SummaryDisp= {{OBDispAll}}
|SummaryMin= {{OBMinNone}} 
|SummaryMax=  {{OBSConviction}}
|IndictableDisp= {{OBDispSame}} 
|IndictableMin= {{OBMinNone}}   
|IndictableMax=  {{OBTime|10 ans}} }}
==Aperçu==
:''Note: Section 159 was [[Infractions jugées inconstitutionnelles|found to be unconstitutional]], see below for details.''

The offences of '''anal intercourse''' were previously found in Part V of the ''Criminal Code'' relating to "Sexual Offences, Public Morals and Disorderly Conduct".

; Plaidoiries
{{PleadingsHeader-N}}
{{PleadingsHybridList-N|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes-IfCrown}} | {{No-Under14}} }}
{{PleadingsEnd}}

{{PleadingsHybridElection|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}}}

; Libérer
{{ReleaseOptions-Hybrid|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}}}

:''<u>Inversion du fardeau de la caution</u>''
{{ReverseOnusCirc}}

:''Empreintes digitales et photos''
{{IDCriminalAct|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}}}

; Interdictions de publication
{{GeneralPubBan}}

; Désignations des infractions
{{DesignationHeader}}
|-
|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}|| {{XMark}} <!--wire--> || {{XMark}} <!--DO-->||{{OKMark-Varies-Indict}} <!--SPIO--> || {{XMark}} <!--consent-->
{{DesignationEnd}}
{{SeeBelowForAncillary}}

==Libellé de l'infraction==
The text of s. 159 was repealed September 19, 2019 with 2019, c. 25.<ref>
[[Liste des modifications au Code criminel (2010 to 2019)]]
</ref>
{{quotation2|
<s>
; Anal intercourse
159 (1) Every person who engages in an act of anal intercourse is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction.
<br>
; Exception
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to any act engaged in, in private, between
:(a) husband and wife, or
:(b) any two persons, each of whom is eighteen years of age or more,

both of whom consent to the act.
<br>
; Idem
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2),
:(a) an act shall be deemed not to have been engaged in in private if it is engaged in in a public place or if more than two persons take part or are present; and
:(b) a person shall be deemed not to consent to an act
::(i) if the consent is extorted by force, threats or fear of bodily harm or is obtained by false and fraudulent misrepresentations respecting the nature and quality of the act, or
::(ii) if the court is satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that the person could not have consented to the act by reason of mental disability.

R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 159; 
R.S., {{LegHistory80sL|1985, c. 19 (3rd Supp.)}}, s. 3.
</s>
|{{CCCSec2|159}}
|{{NoteUp|159|1|2|3}}
}}

===Projet de formulaire d'accusations===
{{seealso|Projet de formulaire d'accusations}}

==Preuve de l'infraction==
{{ElementHeader}}
{{ElementLeft}}

{{Proving|anal intercourse|159}}
{{InitialElements}}
# {{box}} the culprit "engages in an act of anal intercourse" with another person;
# {{box}} the other person is 18 years or older;
# {{box}} the culprit is 18 years or older; and 
# {{box}} the culprit and other person are ''not'' married.

{{ElementEnd}}

==Interprétation de l'infraction==

; Constitutionality
Section 159 was found to be unconstitutional for violating s. 15 of the Charter and was not saved by s. 1 of the Charter.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|CM|231v2|1995 CanLII 8924 (ON CA)|98 CCC (3d) 481}}{{perONCA|Abella JA}}<br>
{{CanLIIRPC|R c Roy|1n9rq|1998 CanLII 12775 (QC CA)|125 CCC (3d) 442}}{{TheCourt}}<br>
{{CanLIIRP|TCF|22cch|2006 NSCA 42 (CanLII)|212 CCC (3d) 134}}{{perNSCA|Cromwell JA}}
</ref>

{{reflist|2}}
===Evidence===
{{Section274to275|art. 159}}
{{Section274Offences}}
{{Section275Offences}}
{{Section276to277|art. 159}}
{{Section276Offences}}
{{Section277Offences}}
<!--
{{Section278Offences}}
-->
{{Section278.2Offences|art. 159}}

{{reflist|2}}

==Participation de tiers==
{{seealso|Rôle de la victime et des tiers|Aides au témoignage pour les témoins jeunes, handicapés ou vulnérables}}

; Aides au témoignage
{{3rdPTestimonyAids}}

; Sur la constatation de culpabilité
{{VictimHeader}} <!-- Sections / Notice of Agree / Notice of Restitution / Notice of VIS -->
|art. x {{DescrSec|x}} || || ||
|-
{{VictimEnd}}{{606Notice5Y|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}}}

{{RestitutionNotice}}

{{VISNotice}}

==Principes et fourchettes de détermination des peines==
{{seealsoSentencing}}

; Peines maximales
{{SProfileMaxHeader}}
{{SProfileMax|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}} | {{Summary}} | {{summaryconviction}} }} 
{{SProfileMax|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}} | {{Indictment}} | {{Max10Years}} }} 
{{SProfileEnd}}

{{MaxPenaltyHybrid|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}}|'''{{Max10Years}}'''|'''{{summaryconviction}}'''}}

; Peines minimales
{{NoMinimumPenalties}}

; Dispositions disponibles
{{SProfileAvailHeader}}
|art. 159 {{DescrSec|159}} || any || {{SProfileAll}}
{{SProfileEnd}}

{{AllDispositionsAvailable}}

; Peines Consécutives
{{NoConsecutive}}

===Principes===

===Plages===
{{seealsoRanges|Anal Intercourse}}

==Ordonnances de condamnation auxiliaires==
{{seealso|Ordonnances auxiliaires}}
	
; Offence-specific Orders
* [[Ordonnances ADN]]
** {{SecondDNA(AorB)Hybrid|art. 159(1)}}
* [[Ordonnances en vertu de l'article 161]] 
** {{Section161|art. 159}}
* [[Admissibilité à la libération conditionnelle différée|Ordonnance de libération conditionnelle différée]]
** {{ParoleDelayEligible|1|art. 159}}

; Ordonnances générales de détermination de la peine
{{GeneralSentencingOrders}}

; Ordonnances générales de confiscation
{{GeneralForfeitureOrders}}

==Histoire==
Prior to 1987, the offence of anal intercourse was a part of the offence of bestiality (see [[Bestialité (infraction)]]).
===1987===

An Act to amend the Criminal Code and the Canada Evidence Act, S.C. 1987, c. 24, s. 3 creates an offence of anal intercourse, reading as follows:
{{quotation1|
; Anal intercourse
154 (1) Every person who engages in an act of anal intercourse is guilty of an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to any act engaged in, in private, between
:(a) husband and wife, or
:(b) any two persons, each of whom is eighteen years of age or more,

both of whom consent to the act.

(3) For the purposes of subsection (2),
:(a) an act shall be deemed not to have been engaged in in private if it is engaged in in a public place or if more than two persons take part or are present; and
:(b) a person shall be deemed not to consent to an act
::(i) if the consent is extorted by force, threats or fear of bodily harm or is obtained by false and fraudulent misrepresentations as to the nature and quality of the act, or
::(ii) if the court is satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that that person could not have consented to the act by reason of mental disability.
|{{NA}}
}}

==Voir également==
* [[Liste de contrôle des requêtes préalables au procès et au procès]]
{{OffencesNavBar/Sexual}}
[[Category:Unconstitutional Offences]]